Making A Difference With Data – Data & Analytics In Professional Football

How can we provide value for professional football clubs as an analyst? Data is everywhere but knowing how to provide insights and value from the analysis is where the expertise lies. By providing examples of our work and breaking down data analytics in professional football, we will show you how to unlock the most from your data.

 

This article will focus on 3 key areas of football analysis:

Performance Analysis

Performance Analysis

  • Pre-match – opposition analysis
  • Post-match – Post-match report
  • Long term evaluation – Monthly performance report
  • Tool – Team Explorer

 

Analyzing Team Performance With The Team Explorer

With our Team Explorer app we are able to analyze the performance of our opponents and our own team using data.

 

The app contains high-level performance analyses and several analyses & visualizations for every phase of the game (e.g. attack, defense, transitions, set pieces).

 

Before a match, we analyze all the available insights about the next opponent. Relevant findings are studied in depth both in data and video and are then summarized together in a pre-match report. Using video is an effective way to “bring the data alive” for video analysts and coaches. Finally, we discuss the pre-match report with the coach & his staff, making sure that they are able to use them when preparing the best possible strategy for the next game.

 

Post-match reports are available after every match and are used in the post-match meetings with the first team staff to analyze our performance: were we able to execute our game plan as intended? What went well and what needs to improve? Did we make some changes during the game and how did these affect our performance?

 

General performance insights of our own team (e.g. long-term trends, KPIs) are discussed with the first team staff and management within the club in order to evaluate if the team is on track to reach their goals (win the league, qualify for Europe, etc.). How are our performances and underlying metrics? Do they suggest we are on the right track, or do we need to improve something in order to reach our goals? These discussions may lead to changes on the pitch (lineup, playing style, strategy), but are also useful in identifying needs for during the next transfer window.

AC Milan 2023/24 performance visual from the Team Explorer
AC Milan 2023/24 playing style radar from the Team Explorer

Player Recruitment

Player Recruitment

  • Player Identification – Player roles, Shortlisting
  • Player Evaluation – Performance evaluation, Player adjustment, Future development
  • Transfer Negotiation – Expected transfer fee, Expected salary, Future value
  • Tool – Player Explorer

 

ANALYZING PLAYERS – FUNDAMENTALS

Player Explorer allows us to evaluate player performances with data. We developed an industry-leading methodology which consists of:

    • Self-defined unique metrics with predictive power that measure different aspects of the game (passing, receiving, dribbling, shooting, 1v1 defending, space defending, aerial ability, goalkeeping)
    • A distinction between style metrics & ability metrics
    • Player roles customizable to the team’s style of play

 

Style metrics allow us to describe the “type” or “role” of the player. When looking at a winger, are we looking for someone who likes to play as a traditional wide winger? Or is it someone that plays the inverted winger role?

 

Ability metrics tell us how good a player performs within the selected style of play (role). How does the player perform when he plays as a classic wide winger compared to when he plays as an inverted winger?

 

Based on the game model of the club and the requirements on every position, we can create custom player roles that accurately describe what a player within the club’s context is expected to do (e.g. striker that drops deep, wingers who come inside, overlapping fullbacks, etc.).

 

Then we can use these customized player roles to generate scouting lists: we look in the data for players that fit the club’s style on a certain position and make a list of players that could be interesting to scout by the scouting department. Next to style and ability, we can filter the data on age, contract duration, value, footedness, league experience and more.

 

The squad profile section allows us look at our own squad and to determine where our squad might need reinforcements. If we like to play out from the back with center backs who are comfortable on the ball, we can see how many defenders we have that actually play that style and how good they are at it. If we see that we lack something, it can be a trigger to start looking in the data for potential reinforcements or replacements for our current players.

 

ANALYZING PLAYERS – THE NEXT LEVEL

The most important aspect of evaluating player performance, is to be able to assess how a player will adapt to a different team and a different league. Our player adjustment model uses historical transfer data to predict how the player’s performance is expected to change after a transfer. The model accounts for difference in league strength, difference in playing style between leagues & teams, age, cultural context and many other relevant variables. Moreover, the model will also generate information about why it expects certain metrics to change in a certain way.

 

Another key aspect is how we expect a player to develop after moving to another club. With the same player adjustment model, we can study long term trends in player performance with age curves. How does a player that makes a certain move, tend to develop over time? How long is a 26-28 years old player expected to continue performing at the highest level? When will a youngster reach the required level for the first team?

 

Using the same historical transfer data mentioned before, we can develop models that give us insights in expected transfer fees and expected salaries.

 

If we are trying to bring in a right back from a certain country, of a certain age and with a certain data profile, what is the transfer fee and salary that we should expect and be willing to pay, based on what teams spent in similar cases in the past?

 

Based on how we expect a player to develop, what can be a future market value for a player? What countries & leagues could we aim to sell this player to, given the projected development and future value?

Jude Bellingham 2023/24 player performance visual from the Player Explorer

Head Coach Recruitment

Data & Head Coach Recruitment

Coach Identification – Playing style, Shortlisting

Coach Evaluation – Performance evaluation

Tool – Coach Explorer

 

HEAD COACH ANALYSIS

With Coach Explorer we can analyze playing style and performances of head coaches.

 

We have defined “tendencies” that help us describe the playing style of a coach using data. Does the coach like to build up patiently from the back? Or does he use a direct, counter attacking approach? Does he defend in a low block or employ a high press?

 

Using similar performance metrics as the ones we use for analyzing teams and players (e.g. expected goals created and conceded) and taking into account league & team strength, we can evaluate the performances of a coach. Is the coach performing above expectation with a moderate team? Or is the coach underperforming with a team that should be able to get better results?

 

The tendencies and the performances together create the framework in which we can evaluate coaches. Based on the philosophy of the club and the current squad, we can evaluate different coaches and see if they would be a good fit for the club.

 

After the club determines what kind of coach fits the philosophy and the squad, we can look in the data and create a shortlist of potentially interesting future coaches. The shortlist of potential future coaches is the starting point of the vetting process around the new coach.

Ange Postecoglou 22/23 Coach Explorer visual
Community ARTICLE Author

Written by Enrico Raho

Football data scientist with vast experience with data driven player recruitment, performance analysis and opposition analysis.

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